TENSE
FORMS
Exam Support
Tense বুলিলে সময় বা কাল বোলা নির্দেশক verb ৰ form ক বুজা যায়।
Tense তিনি প্ৰকাৰৰ
(i) Present tense (বর্তমান কাল),
(ii) Past tense (অতীত কাল) আৰু
(iii) Future tense (ভৱিষ্যত কাল)।
প্রত্যেকটো tense ক আকৌ চাৰিভাগত ভাগ কৰিব পাৰি।
(A) Present tense :
(1) Present Indefinite or simple present tense
(ii) Present continuous tense
(iii) Present perfect tense
(iv) Present perfect continuous tense
(B) Past tense :
(i) Past Indefinite tense or simple past tense
(ii) Past continuous tense
(iii) Past perfect tense
(iv) Past perfect continuous tense
(C) Future tense:
(i) Future Indefinite tense or simple future tense
(ii) Future continuous tense
(iii) Future perfect tense
(iv) Future perfect continuous tense.
তলত ওপৰত উল্লেখ কৰা বাৰৰ্টা tense ৰ ভাগক সময় বা কাল নির্দেশক ক্ষেত্ৰত ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয় আৰু ইয়াৰ গঠন সম্পৰ্কে চমুকৈ দিয়া হ'ল।
Exam Support
Present tense:
1Present Indefinite or simple present
tense:
যিবিলাক বাক্যই নিয়মিত কার্য, অভ্যাসগত কাৰ্য আৰু চিৰসত্য ঘটনা সম্পর্কে আভাষ দিয়ে তেনে বাক্যত verb ৰ Present Indefinite tense ব্যৱহাৰ হয় ।
গঠন-- Subject + am/is/are / V₁ (present tense) + object
যেনে—
(1) She is a college teacher.
(2) The boys are honest.
(3) I play football
(4) She likes vegetables
2 Present continuous tense:
যিবোৰ বাক্যই কোনো এটা কার্য বর্তমানলৈ চলি থকা বুজায়, তেনে বাক্যত verb ৰ Present Continuous tense ব্যৱহাৰ হয়।
গঠন— Subject + am / is / are + V ৰ লগত ing + object
যেনে—
I am reading a book
He is doing his homework.
They are swimming in the river.
3.
Present perfect tense:
যিবোৰ বাক্যই কোনো এটা কাম হৈ যোৱাৰ পিছতো তাৰ ফল বা প্ৰতিক্ৰিয়া কৰ্তাৰ মনত থাকি যোৱা প্ৰকাশ কৰিবলৈ বিচাৰে তেনে বাক্যৰ ক্ষেত্ৰত verb ৰ present present perfect tense ব্যৱহাৰ হয়।
গঠন— Subject + has / have + V3 (past participle) + object
যেনে---
I have seen the Zoo.
She has done the work.
They have won the match.
4.
Present perfect continuous tense:
যিবোৰ বাক্যই কোনো এটা কাম অবিৰতভাৱে বা কোনো নিৰ্দিষ্ট সময়ক ধৰি বৰ্তমানলৈ চলি থকা বুজায় তেনে বাক্যত verb ৰ present perfect continuous tense ব্যৱহাৰ হয়।
গঠন— Subject + has been / have been +V ৰ লগত ing + object
যেনে—
It has been raining since morning.
I have been reading for an hour.
We have been living at Rangia since1971.
Exam Support
Past
tense:
1.
Past Indefinite tense:
যিবোৰ বাক্যই কোনো এটা কাম অতীতত শেষ হৈ যোৱা বুজায় তেনে বাক্যত verb ৰ past Indefinite ব্যৱহাৰ হয়।
গঠন-- Subject + V₂ (past tense) + object
যেনে—
Ramen wrote a letter.
Bimal played cricket.
She went to school yesterday.
2.
Past continuous tense:
যিবোৰ বাক্যই কোনো এটা কাম অতীতত চলি থকা বুজায়, তেনে বাক্যত verb ৰ past continuous tense ব্যৱহাৰ হয়।
গঠন-- Subject + was / were + V₁ ৰ লগত ing + object
যেনে—
We were coming from Gauhati.
Lela was suffering from fever.
The man was posting the letter.
3.
Past Perfect tense:
যেতিয়া কোনো বাক্যই অতীতত দুটা ঘটনা বা কাম হৈ যোৱা বুজায়, তেনে ক্ষেত্ৰত আগতে হৈ যোৱা ঘটনা বা কামটোৰ বাবে verb 4 Past perfect tense ব্যৱহাৰ হয়। আনহাতে পিছত হোৱা ঘটনা বা কামটোৰ ক্ষেত্ৰত verb ৰ Past Indefinite tense ব্যৱহাৰ হয়।
গঠন— Subject + had + V3 + object
যেনে—
The patient had died before the
doctor came.
The train had left before we reached
the station.
She met her friend after she had
finished her homework.
4.
Past Perfect Continuous tense:
যিবোৰ বাক্যই কোনো এটা কাম অতীতত অবিৰতভাৱে বা কোনো নির্দিষ্ট সময়ক ধৰি চলি থকা বুজায়, তেনে বাক্যত verb ৰ Past perfect continuous tense ব্যৱহাৰ হয়।
গঠন— Subject + had been + V ৰ ing + object
যেনে-
We had been living Delhi since 1920.
Akbar had been ruling Delhi for many
years.
She had been suffering from fever
fora long time.
Exam Support
Future
tense:
1.
Future Indefinite tense:
যিবোৰ বাক্যই কোনো এটা কাম ভৱিষ্যতত সমধা হ’ব বুজায়, তেনে বাক্যত verb ৰ future Indevinite tense ব্যৱহাৰ হয়।
গঠন -- Subject + shall / will + V₁ + object
যেনে—
He will observe the matter
I shall give you a pen.
Rahul will post the letter tomorrow.
2.
Future continuous tense:
যিবোৰ বাক্যই কোনো এটা কাম ভৱিষ্যতত চলি থাকিব বুজায়, তেনে বাক্যত verb ৰ future continuous tense ব্যৱহাৰ হয়।
গঠন— Subject + shall be / will be + V + V₁ ৰ লগত ing + object
যেনে—
I shall be fishing.
She will be teaching us English.
The boy will be doing the sums.
3.
Future Perfect tense:
যেতিয়া কোনো বাক্যই ভৱিষ্যতত দুটা ঘটনা বা কাম হ’ব বুজাব তেনে বাক্যৰ ক্ষেত্ৰত যিটো verb এ কামটো আগতে হ’ব বুজাব সেই verb ৰ বাবে future perfect tense ব্যৱহাৰ হয়। আনহাতে যিটো verb য়ে verb এ কামটো পিছত হ’ব বুজাব তেনে verb টোৰ বাবে Present Indifinite tense ব্যৱহাৰ হয়।
গঠন— Subject + shall have / will have + V3 + object
যেনে—
We shall have returned before the sun
sets:
He will have met you before it
becomes dark.
The match will have finished before
we reach the field.
4.
Future perfect continuous tense:
যিবোৰ বাক্যই কোনো এটা কাম ভৱিষ্যতেও অবিৰতভাবে বা নিৰ্দিষ্ট সময়ক ধৰি চলি থাকিব বুজায়, তেনে বাক্যত verb future perfect continuous tense ব্যৱহাৰ হয়।
গঠন - Subject + shall have been / will have been + V ৰ লগত ing + object
যেনে—
She will have been helping you in this
matter.
I shall have been teaching you Hindi
since tomorrow.
Rahul will have been waiting for
you.
Exam Support
1. She ______ to market every day.
2. He always _____ the temple.
3. Ram ______ hard daily.
4. She ______ me tomorrow.
5. The lady _____ the letter yesterday.
6. The man ______ here two years ago.
7. There ______ much milk in the jug.
8. Everybody ______ his motherland.
9. Nobody _____ there in the meeting now.
10. It _____ last night.
11. I ______ like boys who tell lies.
12. I ______ this work at 7 a.m. tomorrow.
13. We ______ English now.
14. I ______ learning Hindi for two months.
15. They ______ back recently.
16. He _____ from Kolkata shortly.
17. The bady _____ as it is hungry.
18. There (be) nobody in the honse when we called.
19. He is not at home, he ______ to market.
20. Fortune ______ the braves.
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21. The sun ______ in the East.
22. When he entered my room, I ______ a letter.
23. It is time you ______ home.
24. The match ______ before we reached the field.
25. We shall wait here until he ______ back.
26. When he came in, I ______.
27. He ______ across the road when a scooter hit him.
28. I wish I ______ the job.
29. Hurry up, the taxi ______ .
30. I have ______ my friend in the market.
31. She ______ in this school since 1990.
32. If I ______ his address, I would have can tacted.
33. I wish I ______ help you.
34. If I ______ you, I should not accept that post.
35. I ______ my dinner an hour ago.
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36. They ______ their dinner just now.
37. Socrates was ______ to the prison.
38. We shall have returned home before the sun ______ .
39. I ______ him since has boyhood.
40. Most of the soldiers ______ in the battle.
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